Description
Grid InterACtive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Driven Solar Water Pumping System
The design of a 5G 4-element antenna array system with the capability of switching its operation between right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) is proposed. The DP-reconfigurability is achieved by electronically switching two PIN-diode pairs in the feeding circuit, which consists of a branch line coupler and two feeding arms. The proposed configuration reduces the number of tuning elements and allows the use of imperfect PIN diodes at millimeter-wave frequency. The fabricated prototype exhibits a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth from 27.2 to 28.35 GHz.Grid Interactive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Grid Interactive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
INTRODUCTION:
Dual polarization (CP) is the key feature in antenna design to mitigate misalignment and multipath interferences. This is also applicable to the forthcoming Fifth Generation (5G) mobile network. Unfortunately, the device-to-device (D2D) communication between two DP radiators can suffer from extremely low polarization efficiency if the rotating mode is opposite. To resolve this issue, DP antennas with switchable rotating modes should be used. There are two critical issues when adapting these designs for 5G applications at millimeter-wave (mm-Wave). First, 5G antennas require high gain, thus array configuration is used, which requires a large number of PIN diodes and biasing components. More importantly, the PIN diode performance is significantly degraded when increasing the operating frequency, which severely affects the antenna performance. For these reasons, there has not been any mmWave reconfigurable DP antenna in the literature that is applicable to 5G D2D communication. Although there are
some CP antennas that have been studied for mm-Wave for different applications, it is emphasized that they are nonreconfigurable or the designs require multiple input ports to switch between 2 CP modes, which adds significant complexity when integrating to a 5G feeding circuit. In this letter, a polarization-reconfigurable array for 5G applications at 28 GHz is presented. This 4-element antenna array can switch its operation between 2 rotating modes (RHCP and LHCP) using only 4 PIN diodes in the feeding circuit. A branch-line coupler and open-ended stub are appropriately arranged in the feeding circuit to allow the use of imperfect PIN diodes and reduce the number of used diodes, and this is the main contribution of this work. As a result, this configuration reduces the insertion loss and improves the matching of the feeding circuit. Therefore, the proposed configuration allows the utility of practical PIN diodes at mm-Wave to generate LHCP or RHCP operation, a feature that none of the previously reported approaches could achieve.? The targeted frequency band is 27.5- 28.35 GHz, which is approved by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for 5G applications.Grid Interactive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
EXISTING SYSTEM:
- Printed slotted antenna
- Microstrip patch antenna capable of working in up to 1 to 2 bands only
DISADVANTAGES:
- reconfigurable CP antennas have been reported extensively in the literature, using a variety of structures such as crossed dipole, patch, radiating arms, and slot, however only for low-frequency applications. All these designs utilize a single-element structure with PIN diodes that exhibit nearly ideal performance in the microwave frequency range.
PROPOSED SYSTEM:
In this paper, the radiators consist of 4 patch antennas resonating at 28 GHz. The design uses Roger Duroid 5880 substrate (relative permittivity ?r = 2.2 with estimated tan? ? 0.0025 at 28 GHz). The simulation, modeling, and optimization are conducted using the ANSYS High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).
ADVANTAGES:
- There are many advantages of this tri-band MIMO antenna such as the small volume, lightweight and easy integration, low cost, and easy fabrication.
APPLICATIONS:
It has good application value in modern wireless communication systems.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
- ANSYS HFSS v14
CONCLUSION:
A polarization-reconfigurable antenna array using PIN diodes has been proposed at 28 GHz. A branch-line coupler and opened stub are adopted in the feeding circuit to reduce the number of used diodes. This configuration also allows PIN diodes with non-ideal performance to be used at mm-Wave. RHCP and LHCP operations are realized using two pairs of diodes. The measurements have confirmed that the proposed design can support CP reconfigurability across 27.528.35 GHz for 5G applications.
REFERENCE:
- M. N. Tehrani, M. Uysal, and H. Yanikomeroglu, “Device-to-device communication in 5G cellular networks: challenges, solutions, and future directions,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 52, pp. 86-92, 2014.
- L. Ge, X. Yang, D. Zhang, M. Li, and H. Wong, “PolarizationReconfigurable Magnetoelectric Dipole Antenna for 5G Wi-Fi,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 16, pp. 1504-1507, 2017.
- H. H. Tran, N. Nguyen-Trong, T. K. Nguyen, and A. M. Abbosh, “Bandwidth Enhancement Utilizing Bias Circuit as Parasitic Elements in a Reconfigurable Circularly Polarized Antenna,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, pp. 1533-1537, 2018.
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