Description
LoRa based Wireless Sensors for Smart Environment Using Raspberry Pi
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a monitoring system that has a number of nodes for monitoring parameters such as co level, poisonous gas, temperature and humidity. A node is designed for data acquisition and another one is designed for data collecting for further analysis. We can create any number of data acquisition nodes with a single collecting node. For interconnecting all these nodes it is possible to have WiFi-based IoT as existing. This has a disadvantage that WiFi modem needs to connect to a wider network, so proper working of the whole system is dependent on availability of this network. Here we eliminate this problem by introducing a LoRa which means long range. Using LoRa we can make our own interconnected IoT applications. Although many techniques exist to transfer data from the widely distributed sensors that make up the Internet of Things (IoT) (e.g., using 3G/4G networks or cables), these methods are associated with prohibitively high costs, making them impractical for real-life applications. Recently, several emerging wireless technologies have been proposed to provide long-range communication for IoT sensors. Among these, LoRa has been examined for long-range performance. LoRa based Wireless Sensors for Smart Environment Using Raspberry Pi
LoRa based Wireless Sensors for Smart Environment Using Raspberry Pi
INTRODUCTION
Lora (Long Range) is a spread spectrum modulation technique that provides a significantly longer-range transfer of data and information with a lower transfer rate than the competing technologies. LoRaWAN is an LPWAN protocol that is based on LoRa modulation and was intended to remotely connect battery-operated things to the internet in local, regional, or worldwide networks. LoRaWAN protocol uses the unlicensed radio spectrum in the ISM band, such as 433MHz, 868MHz, and 915MHz. LoRaWAN network is implemented by using a star network topology and the structure of the network architecture can be divided into two parts, the back-end and front-end part. The back-end part is the network server which is used to store the information sent by the sensors while the front-end consists of end devices and a gateway, the gateway is the intermediate device that forwards packets coming from the end devices to the network server. LoRaWAN network is implemented by using a star network topology and the structure of the network architecture can be divided into two parts, the back-end and front-end part. LoRa based Wireless Sensors for Smart Environment Using Raspberry Pi
EXISTING SYSTEM
Monitoring systems without any interconnectivity
Systems that use IoT based on WiFi network
Systems based on RF communication
DISADVANTAGES
This system always needs internet connectivity
If the internet is slow it takes some delay to update in the cloud
Accuracy of output is less
Communication range is low in the existing system
PROPOSED SYSTEM
Monitoring surroundings parameters using sensors
Multimode monitoring system
LoRa based long-range communication
Multiple sensor nodes connected to a single monitoring node
ADVANTAGES
It is a cost-efficient system
Accuracy of output is increased
Long-range communication is implemented
Using IoT in this project is the main advantage, so we can get the status of the system at any place in the world
LoRa based Wireless Sensors for Smart Environment Using Raspberry Pi
BLOCK DIAGRAM
DATA COLLECTING NODE
BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION
Here Raspberry pi is in the sensor node
Node MCU is in the data node
We can use any type of microcontroller or SoC depending on the application
DHT11 is a two in one sensor that can measure both temperature and humidity
MQ135 is used for monitoring different gaseous elements in the air
MQ135 is an analog sensor so it needs to be connected to ADC
Lora is connected serially
In the data collecting node, Node MCU is connected to PC through UART communication
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
Raspberry pi
Node MCU ESP8266
LoRa module
DHT-11
MQ135
ADC
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Programming platform: Python IDE, Arduino IDE
Programming language: Python, Embedded C
Raspberry pi OS: Raspbian stretch
LoRa based Wireless Sensors for Smart Environment Using Raspberry Pi
REFERENCES
[1] B. Adam B, A. Kumar J and R.Kumar ?Lora Based Intelligent Home Automation System?, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), Vol.6 Issue-3, February 2017.
[2] A. Al-Fuqaha, M. Guizani, M. Mohammadi, M. Aledhari and M. Ayyash, “Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 2347-2376, Fourth quarter 2015.
[3] A. Koren and D. ?immune?, “Modelling an energy-efficient ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4) body area network in IoT-based smart homes,” 2018 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics, and Microelectronics (MIPRO), Opatija, 2018, pp. 0356-0360.
[4] A. J. Wixted, P. Kinnaird, H. Larijani, A. Tait, A. Ahmadinia and N. Strachan, “Evaluation of LoRa and LoRaWAN for wireless sensor networks,” 2016 IEEE SENSORS, Orlando, FL, 2016, pp. 1-3.
[5] Juha.P, K.Mikhaylov, M.Pettissalo, J.Janhunen and J.Iinatti ?Performance of a low-power wide-area network based on LoRa technology: Doppler robustness, scalability, and Coverage?, International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2017, Vol. 13(3).
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